Medical science is that branch that has amazed one and all. The way it has evolved over time is remarkable. If we look at the graph, then there will be a constant increase in the numbers. This is due to two main reasons. The first is the increase in the number of new techniques that have been added by a new group of people and the second is the success rate. People who have undergone these procedures are satisfied with the result, which has encouraged others to try these techniques for themselves. One of the branches that has attracted the most attention is plastic surgery.

Plastic surgery is the branch of medicine that deals with both functional and aesthetic restoration of the body. It is done mainly for two reasons. One is to restore the appearance of the body that has deteriorated due to injuries, burns, accidents or other mishaps and the other is to improve the cosmetic appearance of the body. People who have lost their function or appearance for any reason undergo this procedure. It is also performed to improve the aesthetic appearance of the body.

One of the common subcategories of this surgery is cosmetic surgery. You should not confuse one with the other. Both are different. It is the discipline of medicine that focuses only on improving the aesthetic appearance of the body. Like plastic surgery, it can be performed on any part of the body. Improving the aesthetic appeal, symmetry and proportion is the main objective. More than half of the surgeries focus on the face and skin. They are only taken for cosmetic reasons rather than for health reasons.

Some of the common techniques are explained below:

• Liposuction

It is one of the most common cosmetic surgeries that remove fat from a particular part of the body. It is mainly performed on the hips, thighs, face and buttocks. It can also be performed in conjunction with a facelift, breast reduction, and a tummy tuck. But you must be an ideal candidate for the procedure. Firm and elastic skin is the first requirement. Body weight should be within 30 percent of the ideal weight.

In this procedure, you will first be given general anesthesia so you will not feel any pain during the procedure. There are different types to perform this procedure. Tumescent liposuction is the most widely used technique. A sterile solution is injected into the area where the fat is to be removed. Facilitates the suction of fat. Then there is ultrasound-assisted liposuction which uses sound wave energy to break down the cell walls of fat. The fat liquefies, making it easier to suck.

• Vitiligo surgery

Our skin has melanocytes that produce melanin cells. These cells give skin its color. Vitiligo is the condition in which the skin loses these melanocytes. This leads to loss of skin color, resulting in discolored patches on various areas of the body. It can even affect our mouth and hair. This condition is more noticeable in people with darker skin. This condition may be related to a disorder in the immune system that attacks and destroys melanocytes in the skin. Exposure to the sun and industrial chemicals may also be a reason.

This surgery can be done with a skin graft or with a blister graft. In skin grafting, small sections of normal skin are removed and attached to areas that have lost their pigment. It is preferred when you have small patches of vitiligo. In blister grafting, the blister is created on the pigmented skin with the help of suction. These blisters are then transplanted to a discolored area of ​​skin.

• Laser hair removal

Hair is present on different parts of the body. Hair growth differs from individual to individual. Sometimes the extra growth can cause a hindrance in cosmetic appearance. This is the time when you should opt for laser hair removal. The basic foundation is to emit high concentration light into the hair follicles. The pigment in the follicles absorbs the light which in turn destroys the hair.

They are very accurate and are a quick procedure. In this procedure, the hair in the area to be removed is trimmed. A pulse of light will be given and the area observed to make sure the best setting was used. Right after the procedure, you will be given ice packs.

• Acne scar surgery

Acne occurs in the body when hair follicles fill with oil and dead skin cells. When they dry, they leave a scar that directly affects the aesthetic appearance. They form when a breakout has the potential to penetrate the skin and damage the tissues beneath it. The treatment of the scar depends on the type of scar that has hit the face.

In this procedure, the punch excision method is used. Local anesthesia is used to numb the face. The scars are individually trimmed and the wound is fixed with skin grafts and stitches. There is another technique by the name of subcision. In this technique, needles are inserted under the skin to loosen the fibers under the scars. This helps improve the overall appearance.